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January 20, 2006

2nd Amendment Obsolete?

That's what one scholar says in an opinion piece by Paula S. Felder today from the Free Lance-Star:


One thoughtful scholar also has termed the Second Amendment obsolete, because its language survived to be interpreted in a context beyond the original intention of the drafters. Based on George Mason's article in Virginia's Declaration of Rights--written before independence had even been declared--it was intended to protect the states' control over their militias.

As the new constitution already included provisions for utilizing state militias "to suppress insurrections and repel invasions," this amendment was to assure Mason on his most passionate point.

In Colonial Virginia, all able-bodied white men not expressly excused were members of the militia, subject to call for service by the governor, usually for periods of three months. It was not voluntary membership and gun ownership was not a requirement.

Unfortunately, Madison did not include a definition of the term "militia," possibly because he thought that a deferential nod to the powerful Virginia leader was all that was necessary. Thus, the original definition of militia as "the people" still pertained after the Constitution and the Second Amendment were ratified, and they could still be summoned for active duty.

[...]

This definition of "the militia" as the people is of course now obsolete, though Madison surely never anticipated the arguments over its interpretation by later generations who were unaware of its original intent. Repealing the Second Amendment, as the scholar suggested, would perhaps clear the way for an amendment or federal law using language which more appropriately covers the usage of the ownership of guns today.


And no doubt any "replacement" for that amendment should and would -- according to this un-named scholar -- narrow and restrict the right to keep and bear arms... Well, I suppose everyone's entitled to their opinion even if it's wrong.

While some current scholars would like to endlessly debate the meaning of the Second Amendment, I find it much more useful to examine what the founders of our great country, many of them involved in some form or another with the creation of the Bill of Rights were thinking at the time:



[The Constitution preserves] "the advantage of being armed which Americans possess over the people of almost every other nation. . . (where) the governments are afraid to trust the people with arms."
- James Madison-- The Federalist, No. 46

"Arms discourage and keep the invader and plunderer in awe, and preserve order in the world as well as property. . . Horrid mischief would ensue were the law-abiding deprived of the use of them."
- Thomas Paine -- Thoughts On Defensive War, 1775

"...who are the militia, if they be not the people of this country...? I ask, who are the militia? They consist of now of the whole people, except a few public officers."
- George Mason

"The great object is, that every man be armed."
--Thomas Paine

"Are we at last brought to such an humiliating and debasing degradation that we cannot be trusted with arms for our own defense? Where is the difference between having our arms under our own possesion and under our own direction, and having them under the management of Congress? If our defense be the real object of having those arms, in whose hands can they be trusted with more propriety, or equal safety to us, as in our own hands?"
- Patrick Henry

"... of the liberty of conscience in matters of religious faith, of speech and of the press; of the trail by jury of the vicinage in civil and criminal cases; of the benefit of the writ of habeas corpus; of the right to keep and bear arms.... If these rights are well defined, and secured against encroachment, it is impossible that government should ever degenerate into tyranny."
- James Monroe

"No free man shall ever be debarred the use of arms." and
"The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against tyranny in government."
-Thomas Jefferson

"Arms in the hands of citizens (may) be used at individual discretion...in private self-defense..."
-John Adams --A Defense of the Constitution of the Government of the USA

"No free government was ever founded or ever preserved its liberty, without uniting the characters of the citizen and soldier in those destined for the defense of the state.... Such are a well regulated militia, composed of the freeholders, citizen and husbandman, who take up arms to preserve their property, as individuals, and their rights as freemen."
- State Gazette (Charleston), September 8, 1788

"Laws that forbid the carrying of arms. . . disarm only those who are neither inclined nor determined to commit crimes. . . Such laws make things worse for the assaulted and better for the assailants; they serve rather to encourage than to prevent homicides, for an unarmed man may be attacked with greater confidence than an armed man."
-Thomas Jefferson --Commonplace Book 1774

"Before a standing army can rule, the people must be disarmed; as they are in almost every kingdom in Europe. The supreme power in America cannot enforce unjust laws by the sword; because the whole body of the people are armed...." -Noah Webster --An Examination of the Leading Principles of the Federal Constitution 1787

"The few cases wherein these things (proposed Bill of Rights) may do evil, cannot be weighed against the multitude where the want of them will do evil...I hope therefore a bill of rights will be formed to guard the people against the federal government..."
-Thomas Jefferson -- in a letter to James Madison, 1788

"They [proposed Bill of Rights] relate 1st. to private rights....the great object in view is to limit and qualify the powers of government..."
-James Madison-- The Papers of James Madison



"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed."
--Second Amendment

Any questions, Ms Felder?

Posted by Jeff Soyer at January 20, 2006 06:46 AM
Comments

This is exactly why I don't like to approach the Right to Keep And Bear Arms from a Constitutional perspective. I recall a quote from somewhere to the effect that "the Constitution is a contract, and contracts can be re-negotiated." I am not sure what to think about that -- I tend to find it more than a little frightening -- but there you have it. No doubt "scholars" like the one discussed here would like to see the 2A "re-negotiated," as in repealed. I much prefer to approach the RKBA from a perspective of it being a God-given (or natural) right, concomitant to the right of self-defense -- because, of course, *those* cannot be repealed or renegotiated. They are often denied, of course (D.C., Chicago, the UK, etc.), but I think the natural-rights perspective is better for neutralizing whatever arguments the gun prohibitionists put forth vis-a-vis the 2A. But that's just my $0.02...

Posted by: TexasRugerman at January 20, 2006 07:49 AM

Nicely done.

I am pleased to see that we have a gun store here in Middleboro, maybe two miles from us, sharing a building with a restaurant, amusingly.

Posted by: Jay at January 20, 2006 08:30 AM

Obsolete/outdate my ass!

Posted by: countertop at January 20, 2006 09:29 AM

I can't help but wonder why Ms. Felder would single out the 2nd Amendment instead of questioning the relevence of the entire BOR. Think of the 7th. $20.00 was a significant amount of money in 1782, but pocket change today. Could it be that she's a GFW?...Naah, not in Fredricksburg, they'd run her out of there(or should).

Posted by: Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner at January 20, 2006 09:29 AM

BTW, if anybody in Fredricksburg WANTS to run her out, let me know. I'll grab the Garand and help ferret that whiney b***h out. Shouldn't be too hard to find-small town.

Posted by: Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner at January 20, 2006 09:33 AM

Who is Lance Star and why should he be free?

Posted by: SayUncle at January 20, 2006 09:41 AM

From my research into this, the legal basis that all this CRAP from the gun grabbers all boils down to one law and one supreme court case that almost killed it that was clearly in error, everything else has been piled on top of that one case. If that case were overturned, the entire gun control legal landscape would collapse upon itself like a house of cards. That one case was United States V. Miller. It was the case that allowed the government to tax sawed off shotguns, silencers, and machine guns. THIS is the achillies heel of the gun grabbers. This is where we need to be focusing our not small resources. We have a unique opportunity, we will soon have a majority conservative supreme court and an administration that is 2nd Ammendment friendly and a congress that is controlled by republicans. the planets are aligning in a way that has not happened in a very very long time. We should be finding a strong test case that we can push through to the Supremes to overturn Miller. Once that is done the legal basis for everything else falls away. We must strike now while the iron is hot.

Posted by: Rorschach at January 20, 2006 09:44 AM

The true irony of this type of "scholarship" is that it emanates from people that adhere to a truly obsolete ideology; socialism/Marxism!

I also agree with Rorschac regarding natural rights vs. a social contract argument. The BOR simply acknowledges and honors our rights as individuals, granted by the Almighty. The Miller case is in fact a strong argument in the 2A camp's favor!

Semper Fidelis

Posted by: Chris at January 20, 2006 10:09 AM

I have one minor nitpick. The George Washington quote,
"Firearms stand next in importance to the Constitution itself. ..."

is bogus. The rest of 'em, as far as I recall, are genuine. The Washington one is just as popular, and just as wrong, as the Hitler "gun registration, 1935" quote that's bandied around.

Posted by: Dexter Guptill at January 20, 2006 10:11 AM

Actually Chris, that wasn't me, that was TexasRugerman, But I too agree with him as well.

Posted by: Rorschach at January 20, 2006 10:28 AM

I've removed the Washington quote. Thanks for the correction.

Posted by: Jeff Soyer at January 20, 2006 10:28 AM

First, Miller is BS b/c the person with the sawed off shotgun had no lawyer and no evidence was introduced to show that the shotgun could be used as weapon for military purposes. One may deduce from that opinion that all guns that could be used for military purposes would be protected by the 2A.

On the contract issue, the constitution can always be amended but it rarely is. That doesn't appear to be something that will happen(one needs to look at the 9A too when determining what rights are God given). Finally, the real threat of attack on the 2A to look out for is the Laurence Tribe logic. This Harvard law professor believes the 2A means what it says, BUT he is anti gun and thinks that it can be whittled down through "reasonable" legislation on firearms. This employs the logic springing from the old argument that the 1A protects free speech but doens't allow you to shout "fire" in a crowded theatre. Look for this logic to be employed to curtail gun rights; it is a much more viable threat than amending the constitution.

Posted by: Ron at January 20, 2006 01:18 PM

OK, how about this revision, in the spirit and intent of the original:

"The government has no power to disbar any citizen of the possession of arms, nor the use thereof, nor the manufacture or trade of arms, nor to require government approval or registration to exercise any of these. In order to ensure the security the free state, Congress and the several states may pass such laws as to promote the ownership of arms and their use in a strong citizen's militia."

What about felons and guns, you ask? I assert that they should be demoted from "citizen" to "resident", as they effectively are today. I simply propose that we be more explicit about it.

Posted by: gmcraff at January 20, 2006 03:12 PM

Why is it that "the people" does not mean the same thing in the Second Amendment as it does everywhere else in the Constitution? I have never heard anybody argue that "We the people" actually means "We, the state militias..."

Posted by: Steve Skubinna at January 20, 2006 05:08 PM

ah, but Ron, you ARE allowed to shout "Fire" in a crowded theatre. You just have to deal with the consequences if no fire exists. Thus Laurence is full of it. And just wondering, how does this silly person feel that '"reasonable" legislation' is even allowed when the 2A says "shall not be infringed"?

You guys are right: Miller was wrong. Hey Alito/Roberts - fix your own house first! (Kelo, McCain-Fiengold, etc)

Posted by: Drew458 at January 20, 2006 05:31 PM

Jeff, I know Patrick Henry's quote is good, but you've got it in there twice. FYI.

perp

Posted by: perpster at January 20, 2006 06:17 PM

Okay, Perpster... Caught me! I put this post up at 6:30 this morning and... Anyway, I've deleted the duplicate and thanks for pointing it out. Now: What should the "replacement" these gun banning creeps want to see actually read...

Posted by: Jeff Soyer at January 20, 2006 08:09 PM

TexasRugerman wrote:

I recall a quote from somewhere to the effect that "the Constitution is a contract, and contracts can be re-negotiated."

That quote is from the film The Majestic:

The Declaration of Independence? The Constitution? They’re pieces of paper with signatures on them. And you know what a piece of paper with a signature is? A contract. And contracts can be renegotiated at any time. - Author Michael Sloan from the screenplay for The Majestic, spoken by the character Leo Kubelsky, studio lawyer.

The main character of the film had this to say about that:

That's the First Amendment, Mr. Chairman. It's the backbone of this nation. It's everything that gives us the potential to be right and good and just -- if only we'd live up to that potential. It's what gives me the right to sit in this chair and say my piece before this committee without fear. It's the most important part of the contract that every citizen has with this country. And even though this contract... the Constitution and the Bill of Rights -- even though they're just pieces of paper with signatures on them -- they're the only contracts we have that are most definitely not subject to renegotiation.

I'll leave the accuracy of that statement up to Jeff's readers to determine.

Posted by: Kevin Baker at January 22, 2006 11:51 PM
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